Some simple commands for login/data transfer:
- How to log in
The only way to connect to the linux cluster from outside NTNU is via
login.phys.ntnu.no is using secure shell (ssh), e.g. from a Linux/UNIX system:
$ ssh -l <username> login.phys.ntnu.no - X11 Forwarding:
X11 forwarding is necessary to display editor windows (gvim, emacs, nedit,
etc.) or similar on your desktop. To enable X11 forwarding, log in with the ssh
-X or -Y options enabled
$ ssh -X -Y -l <username> login.phys.ntnu.no - Transferring Data:
SCP (Secure CoPy): scp uses ssh for data transfer, and uses the same authentication and provides the same security as ssh. For example, copying from a local system to login:
$ scp myfile login.phys.ntnu.no:.
SFTP (Secure File Transfer Protocol): sftp is a file transfer program, similar
to ftp, which performs all operations over an encrypted ssh transport. Example,
put file from local system:
$ sftp login.phys.ntnu.no
- Another useful bash script/function that allows really fast and responsive SSH connections without using VPN or Jumphost option.
Add it to your .bashrc or another script and source it.
function sshl() { # Add your username here or use the one from environment. local USERNAME=$USER local tunnel_sessions="${HOME}/.ssh/ssh-tunnels-created" if [[ ${1} == "help" ]] || [[ -z "$1" ]]; then local __help=" Usage: sshl hostname where hostname must be a FQDN hostname! (eg. igor.phys.ntnu.no) This function will create a multiplexed ssh tunnel through one of the 3 hosts at NTNU after which will establish an ssh with X11 forwarding connection to your host using the tunnel. This way the connections, especially those requiring GUIs, will be really fast and responsive. Each time a new tunnel will be created even if you'te trying to connect to the same host. To connect multiple times to the same host, follow the instructions on the screen after establishing a connection or, check the file \"$tunnel_sessions\" " echo "$__help" return 0 fi host ${1} if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then local options=( "login.ansatt.ntnu.no" "login.phys.ntnu.no" "login.stud.ntnu.no" ) # Print the menu options echo "Select the tunneling host" for ((i=0; i<${#options[@]}; i++)); do echo "$((i+1)). ${options[$i]}" done # Prompt the user to enter a choice read -p "Enter your choice (1-${#options[@]}) (1): " choice # Default option [1] if [[ -z "$choice" ]]; then choice=1 fi echo "Choice was: $choice" # Validate the input re='^[0-9]+$' if ! [[ $choice =~ $re ]] || (( choice < 1 || choice > ${#options[@]} )); then return 1 fi # Process the chosen option case $choice in 1) t_host=tun-ansatt m_host=login.ansatt.ntnu.no ;; 2) t_host=tun-phys m_host=login.phys.ntnu.no ;; 3) t_host=tun-stud m_host=login.stud.ntnu.no ;; *) echo "Not a valid choice. Exiting" return 1 ;; esac echo "Connecting to ${1} through ${m_host} with user ${USERNAME}" local PORT=$(( ((RANDOM<<15)|RANDOM) % 63001 + 2000 )) local counter=0 while [[ $(netstat -ant | grep ${PORT}) -ne 0 ]]; do echo "Trying new port" local PORT=$(( ((RANDOM<<15)|RANDOM) % 63001 + 2000 )) ((counter++)) if [[ $counter -gt 5 ]]; then echo "Couldn't find a free port" return 1 fi sleep 1 done local SSHCPath="${HOME}/.ssh/${USERNAME}@${m_host}:${PORT}-${1}" # Establish the ssh multiplexer tunnel ssh -4 -f -N -T -M \ -o ExitOnForwardFailure=yes \ -o ControlMaster=autoask \ -o ControlPersist=10m \ -o ControlPath="${SSHCPath}" \ -L 127.0.0.1:${PORT}:${1}:22 ${USERNAME}@${m_host} local exit_code=$? if [[ $exit_code -eq 0 ]]; then sleep 3 echo -e "\n****************************************************" >> $tunnel_sessions echo "* @ $(date +%F/%T)" >> $tunnel_sessions echo "****************************************************" >> $tunnel_sessions echo -e "You can reconnect/reuse the tunnel to ${1} with:\n ssh -4 -X ${USERNAME}@127.0.0.1 -p ${PORT}" | tee -a "$tunnel_sessions" echo "Check ${HOME}/.ssh/ses-${m_host} for tunnels opened" echo "FORWARDING added to port: ${PORT}" echo -e "Check for ControlMaster connections status:\n ssh -O check -S \"${SSHCPath}\" ${1}" | tee -a "$tunnel_sessions" echo -e "Stop the tunnels from accepting connections:\n ssh -O stop -S \"${SSHCPath}\" ${1}" | tee -a "$tunnel_sessions" # Connect through the tunnel ssh -4 -X ${USERNAME}@127.0.0.1 -p${PORT} else echo "ERROR: Couldn't create multiplexed connection!" retun 1 fi else echo -e "Hostname not found. Must be a FQDN hostname! (eg. igor.phys.ntnu.no)" echo "Type \"sshl help\" for more info." fi }
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