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THE CASE OF
AL-FINA'
IN CAIRO
2.The modern period 1789-the present.
2.1. Introduction.
213
As we have seen in the preceeding chapters, the different
settings of
al-fina'
had gradually established a particular order
in the streets of Islamic Cairo. But, from the beginning of the
19th Century, the street environments of Cairo witnessed a
different sort of changing in their
environmental character,
started gradually by Mohammed Ali and accelerated by Ismail, a
process continuing through the present (appendix 6)
v
3
•
During this process, different models of street design have
been applied. The straight, wide, and regular streets are the
common character of all these models. These were associated with
the introduction of
new designed patterns in
al-fina'
which
contributed to constitute a new character of street environment
totally different from the traditional character.
The new design patterns also required a
new system of rules
to organize the use and relationships in the different settings
according to design and planning principles.
273
There are many important studies on the transformation period such as:
Muba'rak, 'Ali, 1982,
Al-Khitat al-Tawfiqiyyah,
Al-Haiah al-Misriyyah
al-'Amma lil-Kitab, Cairo.
Sharikat Masr al-Jadidah, no date,
Dahiyyat Masr al-Jadidah,
Cairo.
(documents).
Shafiq, Ahmed, no date,
Muthakkarati fi Nisf Qarn,
Matba't Masr, Cairo.
Abu lughud, Janet L.,
Cairo,
Princeton, New Jersey.
Staffa, Susan Jane,
Conquest and Fusion,
E.J. Brill, Leiden.
Lane, Edward William,
Modern Egyptians,
Maktabat Madbuli, Cairo.
Richmond, J.C., 1977,
Egypt 1798-1952,
Methuen & Co Ltd., London.