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1.9. HYALURONAN
(HYALURONIC ACID):
FUNDAMENTALS
(KEYWORDS)
•
Mammalian polysaccharide (extracellular matrix, connective,
epithelial, and neural tissues)
•
Industrial production:
Bacillus subtilis
(fermentation), mainly
for cosmetic and biomedical/veterinary applications
•
Provided as sodium (Na
+
) salt
•
Water soluble
•
M
w
in the range 10
6
Da
•
Linear (unbranched)
•
Disaccharide repeating units (…ABABAB..):
•
q (persistence length) = 7.5 nm (more flexible than e.g.
alginate)
•
Glucuronic acid: pK
a
ca 3. Thus: salt form at pH 7.
O
+
Na
-
OOC
OH
HO
O
O
HOH
2
C
NH
O
HO
O
CH
3
O
OH
H
H
NH
H
CH
2
OH
H
O
H
CO
CH
3
O
H
H
OH H
OH
COONa
H
O
H
β
-D-GlcA
β
-D-GlcNAc
1,
3
linkage
1,
4
linkage
n
n