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7.2. POLYMERS AND BIOPOLYMERS FOR ENHANCED
OIL RECOVERY
(EOR)
(Keywords, copy of lecture slides)
7.2.1. Key properties
to
consider
for an EOR polymer:
•
High viscosity at low concentration (= high [η])
•
High viscosity per $
•
Stability:
o
Thermal
o
pH variations (acids, bases)
o
Free radicals
o
Enzymes, microorganisms
o
High salt concentrations
o
Heavy metals
•
Shear thinning
•
Biodegradability
•
Injectivity (no aggregates, microparticles, adsorbtion)..
7.2.3. PAAM: Partially hydrolyzed poly(acrylamide):
CH
2
CH
O H
2
N
n
CONH
2
CONH
2
CONH
2
CONH
2
CONH
2
COO
-
CONH
2
CONH
2
COO
-
CONH
2
Hydrolysis
PAAM: Partially hydrolyzed polyacrylamide
Typically 25-30% hydrolyzed
Polyanion