Spiller kostholdet en rolle i utviklingen av type 1 diabetes?
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5324/nje.v10i1.517Sammendrag
SAMMENDRAG
Målsetningen med denne artikkelen er å diskutere litteraturen om kosthold og risiko for utvikling av
type 1 diabetes mellitus, med vekt på epidemiologiske studier. Vi vil også presentere litt om forskningsaktiviteten
på dette området i Norge. Vi har et godt teoretisk grunnlag for å anta at kostholdsfaktorer
kan være involvert i etiologien til type 1 diabetes, og en rekke studier har bidratt med holdepunkter for
at en sammenheng eksisterer. Det er flest studier på amming og avvenningskost, men også andre spesifikke
komponenter i kostholdet har vært implisert, for eksempel planteproteiner, nitrat i drikkevann og
enkelte vitaminer. Det er foreløpig amming og kumelk som ser ut til å være de mest lovende faktorer
med tanke på muligheten for å kunne forebygge type 1 diabetes, men det er etter vårt syn foreløpig ikke
grunnlag for å gå ut med anbefalinger om kostholdsendringer.
Stene LC, Joner G.
Does diet play a role in type 1 diabetes? Nor J Epidemiol 2000; 10 (1): 71-78.
ENGLISH SUMMARY
The aim of this article is to discuss the literature on diet and the risk of developing type 1 diabetes
mellitus, with emphasis on epidemiologic studies. We will also briefly present some of the research
activity in this field in Norway. We have a good theoretical foundation for assuming that dietary factors
may play a role in the etiology of type 1 diabetes, and several studies have provided evidence that a
relationship exists. Most of these studies are on infant feeding practices, but other specific factors, such
as plant proteins, nitrate and vitamins have also been implicated. Breast-feeding and cow’s milk are the
most promising factors to date, but there is in our view still not sufficient evidence to recommend
modification of feeding practices in order to prevent type 1 diabetes.
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