Valg av metode for en landsrepresentativ undersøkelse av kostholdet blant sped- og småbarn i Norge - Spedkost og Småbarnskost
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5324/nje.v10i1.513Sammendrag
SAMMENDRAG
I 1998-99 er den første landsrepresentative kostholdsundersøkelsen blant spedbarn og småbarn gjennomført i Norge
for å beskrive kostholdet blant barn opp til 2 års alder og relatere kostvanene til de kostanbefalingene som gis.
Inntaket av både næringsstoffer og fremmedstoffer skal beregnes. Undersøkelsen inngår i Statens råd for ernæring
og fysisk aktivitet (SEF) sitt system for kartlegging av kostholdet i den norske befolkningen, og er et samarbeid
mellom SEF, Statens næringsmiddeltilsyn, Institutt for ernæringsforskning ved Universitetet i Oslo og Statistisk
sentralbyrå. Hovedmålet er å øke kunnskapen om kostholdet til spedbarn og småbarn i Norge, for å få et bedre
grunnlag for å fremme et godt kosthold og forebygge kostholdsrelaterte helseproblemer i denne aldersgruppen.
Semikvantitative matvarefrekvensskjema ble vurdert å være den beste metoden å benytte. Det ble utviklet 3 forskjellige
selvadministrerte matvarefrekvensskjema (optisk lesbare) for å kartlegge kostholdet blant 6, 12 og 24 måneder
gamle barn. Bilder av matporsjoner ble inkludert som hjelp til å bestemme mengder. Frekvensskjemaene ble sendt
pr. post til mødrene av et landsrepresentativt utvalg av 3000 6 måneder gamle barn. De samme barna ble fulgt opp
ved 12 måneders alder ved at barnas mødre da mottok et nytt frekvensskjema (Spedkost). Videre ble et frekvensskjema
sendt mødrene til et landsrepresentativt utvalg av 3000 24 måneder gamle barn (Småbarnskost). Data for
barnas vekt og lengde ble samlet inn i samarbeid med landets helsestasjoner. Det er gjennomført en pilotundersøkelse
for å prøve ut frekvensskjemaene og undersøkelsesopplegg. Videre blir frekvensskjemaene validert mot veid
registrering over 7 dager. Datainnsamlingen ble avsluttet i juli 1999, og rapporter fra undersøkelsen er ventet i år
2000. Hensikten med artikkelen er å beskrive metoden og begrunne valg av metode for Spedkost og Småbarnskost.
Lande B, Frost Andersen L, Bærug A, Trygg K, Lund-Larsen K, Bjørneboe G-EAa.
Development of a method
ENGLISH SUMMARY
In 1998-99 the first Norwegian national dietary survey among infants and children was conducted in order to describe
the dietary habits among children up to the age of 2 years, and to relate these habits to the dietary recommendations.
Intakes of both nutrients and non-nutrients will be estimated. The survey is part of the national food
surveillance system in Norway, and is a collaboration between the National Council on Nutrition and Physical
Activity, the Norwegian Food Control Authorities, the Institute for Nutrition Research (University of Oslo) and
Statistics Norway. The main objective is to increase the knowledge about dietary habits among Norwegian infants
and young children in order to promote a healthy diet and prevent diet-related health problems in this age group. A
self-administered semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire was considered the best method. Three questionnaires
were developed to assess dietary intake among 6, 12 and 24 months old children. Pictures were included
to help with decisions of portion sizes. The semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was distributed to
the mothers of a national representative sample of 3000 6 months old infants. This cohort of infants was followed up
at 12 months of age, when their mothers received a new FFQ (Spedkost). Furthermore, a FFQ was distributed to the
mothers of a national representative sample of 3000 24 months old children (Småbarnskost). Data on weight and
length were collected in cooperation with the child health centres. A pilot study was conducted in cooperation with
the child health centres to test the questionnaires and study design. Furthermore, the questionnaires are validated
against 7 days weighed record of food intake. The data collection was closed in July 1999, and reports of the survey
are expected in 2000. The purpose of this article is to describe the method and discuss the choice of method for the
national dietary survey among infants and young children – Spedkost/Småbarnskost.
Nor J Epidemiol 2000; 10 (1): 43-50.for use in a national representative dietary survey among Norwegian infants and children –
Spedkost/Småbarnskost.
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