Den norske matvaretabellen og beregningsdatabasen ved Institutt for ernæringsforskning
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5324/nje.v10i1.509Sammendrag
SAMMENDRAG
Opplysninger om matvarers innhold av energi og næringsstoffer er nødvendig i mange sammenhenger –
for overvåking av kostholdet i ulike befolkningsgrupper, for studier av sammenhenger mellom kosthold,
livsstil og helse, ved veiledning, undervisning og opplysning om et helsemessig godt kosthold. De fleste
vestlige land har en trykt matvaretabell som viser næringsinnholdet per 100 g matvare for et
representativt utvalg av de vanligste matvarene. Ved næringsberegning av kostholdsundersøkelser brukes
som regel spesialtilpassete beregningsdatabaser, disse har ofte ikke-publiserte data i tillegg. Kvaliteten på
den beregningsdatabasen som benyttes ved bearbeiding av kostholdsundersøkelser kan ha avgjørende
betydning for resultatene. Det er viktig at den databasen som benyttes blir omtalt i metodeavsnittet når
arbeidet publiseres. Matvaremarkedet endres stadig, fokus rettes mot nye næringsstoffer og analysemetodene
forbedres. Matvaretabellene og databasene må derfor revideres kontinuerlig. Næringsstoffinnholdet i
matvarer varierer med sort, rase, fôring, dyrkingsbetingelser, lagring, transport, bearbeiding, oppskrifter
og tilberedningsmetode. Siden mange av disse faktorene er forskjellig i forskjellige land, er det nødvendig
å ha egne nasjonale matvaretabeller og databaser. For importerte matvarer kan det være forsvarlig å låne
utenlandske verdier gitt at varen er av samme type, at håndteringen er lik og at næringsstoffdefinisjoner
og analysemetoder er sammenlignbare. Det er viktig å fortsette det internasjonale samarbeidet med å
gjøre tabellverk i ulike land sammenlignbare. Dette er en av forutsetningene for at resultatene fra
kostholdsundersøkelser i ulike land kan sammenlignes.
Rimestad AH, Løken EB, Nordbotten A.
The Norwegian food composition table and the database for
nutrient calculations at the Institute for Nutrition Research.
Nor J Epidemiol 2000; 10 (1): 7-16.
ENGLISH SUMMARY
Food composition data are needed for diet surveillance of the population, for epidemiological studies of
diet, health and lifestyle relationships and for councelling, teaching and information about how to obtain a
healthy diet. The current edition of the Norwegian food composition table presents data on energy and
nutrient content for 882 foods. Only 23 % of the table values are based on analytical work from
Norwegian laboratories, 28 % are calculated from recipes, 20 % are borrowed from other tables, 13 % are
imputed from similar foods and 16 % are missing. Most of the values refer to raw foods. A number of
borrowed and estimated values from other sources as well as recipes for cooked foods have been added
by the Institute for Nutrition Research at the University of Oslo to their database for nutrient calculations
in dietary surveys. In this article we describe the procedures for sampling of foods to be analysed, how
the analytical results are compiled and what factors are used to account for vitamin losses in recipe calculation.
Resources for continuous revisions of the Norwegian food composition table are needed as the
users focus on new food components, the analytical methods are improved and the food market as well as
the dietary habits of the population change over time.
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