For mye eller for lite medisiner? En nasjonal studie av forskrevne psykofarmaka blant innsatte i norske fengsler
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5324/nje.v29i1-2.4049Sammendrag
SAMMENDRAG
Bakgrunn: Legemiddelbruk i den norske befolkningen er økende. Kunnskap om omfang, hvem brukerne er
og bruksmønster er en forutsetning for optimalisering av legemiddelbruk i alle grupper av
befolkningen. Samtidig finnes det ingen oppdaterte studier som viser bruk av forskrevne legemidler
blant innsatte i Norge. Hensikten med denne studien er derfor å beskrive bruk av forskrevne
psykofarmaka blant innsatte i fengsel før og under soning, samt undersøke hvilke faktorer som er
assosiert med legemiddelbruk.
Material og metode: Datamaterialet er fra «The Norwegian Offender Mental Health and Addiction
Study», NorMA-studien, som ble gjennomført i perioden 2013-2014 ved 57 fengselsenheter i Norge.
Totalt svarte 1495 innsatte (96 kvinner) på spørreskjema. Vi undersøkte selvrapportert bruk av
psykofarmaka knyttet til sovemedisin, beroligende legemidler, antidepressiva, LAR-legemidler,
smertestillende legemidler og ADHD- legemidler. Vi brukte logistiske regresjoner for å undersøke
sammenhenger mellom ulike bakgrunnsfaktorer og bruk av ulike legemidler under soning.
Resultater: Sovemedisin var mest brukt, både før og under soning. Tjue prosent av innsatte brukte
sove- medisin daglig under soning. Innsatte brukte mer psykofarmaka enn den generelle befolkningen,
med unntak av smertestillende legemidler. Under soning var bruk av de fleste undersøkte
psykofarmaka assosiert med betydelige psykiske plager, skadelig rusbruk, å motta økonomiske sosiale
ytelser samt å ha hatt en oppvekst preget av rus og psykiske problemer.
Konklusjon: Våre funn viser at innsattes psykiske helse og russituasjon bør ha høy prioritet under
soning. Det er forventet at innsatte bruker mer forskrevne psykofarmaka enn den generelle
befolkningen. At den generelle befolkningen bruker mer smertestillende enn innsatte, bør derfor
undersøkes nærmere.
Lindstad M, Skurtveit S, Bukten A. Too much or too little medication? A national study of prescribed
psychotropic drugs among inmates in Norwegian prisons. Norsk Epidemiologi 2021; 29 (1-2): 85-95.
ENGLISH SUMMARY
Background: Prescription drug use in the Norwegian population is increasing. Knowledge of who the users
areand usage patterns is a prerequisite for optimizing prescription drug use in all groups of the population.
There are no updated studies describing prescription drug use among prisoners in Norway. The purpose of
this study is to describe the use of prescribed psychotropic drugs among inmates in prison before and during
imprisonment and to investigate factors associated with prescription drug use while in prison.
Material and method: The study is based on self-reported data from "The Norwegian Offender Mental
Health and Addiction Study" (NorMA) which was conducted in the period 2013-2014 at 57 prison units in
Norway. A total of 1495 inmates (96 women) responded to the questionnaire. We investigated self-reported
use of psychotropic drugs related to: hypnotics, anxiolytics, antidepressants, OMT-medications, pain medication
and ADHD-medications. We used logistic regression models to investigate relationships between
different background factors and the use of prescribed drugs during imprisonment.
Results: Hypnotics were most commonly used, both before and during imprisonment. Twenty percent of
inmates had used hypnotics daily during imprisonment. Inmates used more psychotropic drugs than the general
population, with the exception of pain medications. During imprisonment, usage of most psychotropic
drugs imprisonment were associated with symptoms of mental illness, harmful drug use before imprisonment,
having received social benefits and to have had an upbringing marked by drug use and mental problems.
Conclusion: Our findings show that prisoners' mental health and substance use situation should have a high
priority during imprisonment. It is expected that inmates use more prescribed psychotropic drugs than the
general population. The fact that the general population uses more pain medication than inmates should
therefore be investigated further.
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Opphavsrett 2021 Marianne Lindstad
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