Lårhalsbrudd og kroppshøyde
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5324/nje.v7i2.398Sammendrag
SAMMENDRAG
De aller fleste lårhalsbrudd skjer i forbindelse med fall, og de senere år er det blitt mer og mer klart at forhold
knyttet til falltraumet er av stor betydning for risikoen for å få lårhalsbrudd. I denne sammenheng har
kroppshøyde vakt interesse pga. større fallhøyde og lengre lårhals hos høye personer. Vi har tidligere vist en
klar sammenheng mellom kroppshøyde og risiko for lårhalsbrudd. Spørsmålet er om kroppshøyden kan være
med å forklare de observerte forskjellene og forandringene i insidensen av lårhalsbrudd. Data fra Bergen,
Nord-Trøndelag og Møre og Romsdal innsamlet i perioden 1963-70 og 1989-93 viser en klar økning i høyden
hos to generasjoner 65-67 åringer. Høyden økte i gjennomsnitt med 3,8 cm hos menn og med 3,1 cm hos
kvinner. Estimat bygd på gitte forutsetninger viser at dersom høyden i den norske befolkningen hadde blitt
redusert tilsvarende, ville antall lårhalsbrudd blitt redusert med 15,7% (anslagsvis 1338 lårhalsbrudd per år).
Tilsvarende beregninger viser at dersom gjennomsnittshøyden hos nordmenn ble redusert til sydeuropeiske
nivå, ville en ha forventet 26,8% færre brudd (reduksjon på anslagsvis 2279 lårhalsbrudd per år). Høyde synes
således å være en av faktorene som forklarer den økende insidensen av lårhalsbrudd i den norske
befolkningen og de høye bruddratene sammenlignet med andre land.
Meyer HE.
Hip fracture and body height. Nor J Epidemiol 1997; 7 (2): 175-178.
ENGLISH SUMMARY
Most hip fractures occur following a fall. During recent years it has become evident that factors associated
with falling and trauma following a fall are of great importance in the etiology of hip fracture. In this connection,
tall persons may have an increased risk of hip fracture due to geometric features of the hip (longer
femoral neck), and greater forces associated with falling. We have previously reported a clear association
between body height and the risk of hip fracture. The question is if the observed differences and changes in
the incidence of hip fracture can be attributed to body height. Data from three Norwegian counties collected
during 1963-70 and 1989-93 showed that height increased by 3.8 cm in men and 3.1 cm in women in two
successive generations of persons 65-67 years old examined 24 years apart. It is estimated, under certain
assumptions, that if body height in Norwegians was reduced correspondingly (3.8 cm in men and 3.1 cm in
women), we would have expected a reduction in the number of hip fracture by 15.7% or 1338 hip fractures
per year. Similarly, if body height in Norwegians was reduced to Southern European levels, we would have
expected a reduction of 26.8% or 2279 hip fractures per year. In sum, height is probably one of several factors
contributing to both the secular increase and geographical differences in the incidence of hip fracture.
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