Helseøkonomisk evaluering ved Nasjonalt kunnskapssenter for helsetjenesten
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5324/nje.v23i2.1638Sammendrag
På grunn av begrensede ressurser kan ikke alle nye metoder som er effektive bli introdusert i helsevesenet. Det er derfor nødvendig å prioritere mellom disse nye metodene.
Helseøkonomiske evalueringer kan være et nyttig verktøy for å synliggjøre kostnader og helseeffekter knyttet til ulike metoder. Helseøkonomiske evalueringer er en integrert del av de fleste medisinske metodevurderinger (HTAs) utført av Nasjonalt kunnskapssenter for helsetjenesten (Kunnskapssenteret). Disse helseøkonomiske evalueringene er vanligvis basert på modeller som bruker forskjellige typer publiserte data for å beregne forventede kostnader og helseeffekter knyttet til ulike behandlingsalternativer.
I denne artikkelen presenterer vi noe av det metodiske grunnlaget for økonomiske evalueringer utført ved Kunnskapssenteret. Vi beskriver hvordan vi går fram for å sette opp en slik modell og diskuterer noen av de ulike typer av data som er nødvendige. En egen seksjon på følsomhetsanalyser og usikkerhetsaspekter er gitt på slutten, og dette kobles til et annet mulig resultat av helseøkonomiske evalueringer: kostnadseffektiviteten av å utføre ny forskning.
Hagen G, Wisløff T, Klemp M. Health economic evaluation at the Norwegian Knowledge Centre for the Health Services (NOKC). Nor J Epidemiol 2013; 23 (2): 157-164.
ENGLISH SUMMARY
Due to resource constraints, all new interventions that are effective cannot be introduced into the health care system. Hence, it is necessary to prioritize between these new interventions.
Health economic evaluations can be a useful tool to illustrate the costs and health outcomes associated with different treatment options. Health economic evaluations are an integral part of most health technology assessments (HTAs) performed by the Norwegian Knowledge Centre for the Health Services (NOKC). These health economic evaluations are usually based on models that synthesize different types of published data, in order to calculate the expected costs and health outcomes associated with different diagnostic or treatment options.
In this article we present parts of the methodological basis for economic evaluations conducted at NOKC. We describe how to set up a decision model and discuss some of the different types of data required. A special section on sensitivity and uncertainty aspects are given at the end, providing a link to a second output from health economic evaluations: cost-effectiveness of conducting new research.
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