Passiv røyking og risiko for hjerteinfarkt
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5324/nje.v5i2.259Abstract
SAMMENDRAG
Tobakksrøyk består av en kompleks blanding av et stort antall kjemiske forbindelser, vesentlig dannet ved
ufullstendig forbrenning av tobakk. Begrepet passiv røyking brukes når en person puster i luft som er
forurenset med tobakksrøyk. Ved passiv røyking vil en person kunne få i seg like mye av enkelte stoffer i
tobakksrøyken som om vedkommende selv hadde røykt opptil flere sigaretter. I artikkelen er det foretatt en
gjennomgang av publiserte undersøkelser i forbindelse med hjertesykdommer og passiv røyking. Passiv
røyking reduserer blodets transport av oksygen til myokard, samt hjertemuskulaturens evne til å bruke
oksygenet i dannelsen av adenosintrifosfat (ATP). Passiv røyking øker blodplatenes aktivitet. I dyreforsøk
er det funnet at tobakksrøyk fremskynder aterosklerotiske skader, samt forsterker vevskaden ved reperfusjon.
Ikke-røykere som daglig er utsatt for passiv røyking over lengre tid, har en økt risiko både for dødelig
og ikke-dødelig hjertesykdom. Det er anslått at det her i landet årlig dør mellom 300 og 500 (henholdsvis
lavt og høyt estimat) ikke-røykere som følge av hjertesykdom forårsaket av passiv røyking.
Dybing E, Sanner T.
Passive smoking and risk of heart disease. Nor J Epidemiol 1995; 5 (2): 135-140.
ENGLISH SUMMARY
Environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) is a complex mixture of a large number of chemical substances
primarily generated by the incomplete combustion of tobacco. The term passive smoking is used when a
person breathes in air contaminated with ETS. Passive smoking reduces the blood’s ability to deliver
oxygen to the myocardium, and reduces the ability of the heart muscle to use oxygen in the formation of
adenosine triphosphate. Passive smoking activates blood platelets. Animal experiments have shown that
ETS accelerates the development of atherosclerosis. Nonsmokers exposed to ETS daily for long periods
have an increased risk for fatal and nonfatal heart disease. It is estimated that annually 300-500 (low and
high estimate, respectively) nonsmokers in Norway die due to heart disease caused by passive smoking
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