Stor skilnad i forbruksprofil av antibiotika ved to universitetssykehus i Norge
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5324/nje.v11i1.536Abstract
SAMMENDRAG
Formålet med denne studien var å beskrive antibiotikaforbruket ved Regionsykehuset i Tromsø (RiTø)
og ved Aker sykehus (Aker) i perioden 1993-97. Forbruket av de ulike preparatene er presentert som
Definerte Døgndoser (DDD)/1000 liggedøgn/år. Totalforbruket av antibiotika var relativt likt ved de to
sykehusene, og varierte i perioden mellom 473 og 544 DDD/1000 liggedøgn/år. Den største skilnaden i
forbruksprofilen mellom sykehusene var innen gruppen beta-laktamer. Beregnet som andel av DDD/
1000 liggedøgn/år i 1999, utgjorde denne preparatgruppen 64,5% av det totale antibiotikaforbruket ved
RiTø og 74,6% av antibiotikaforbruket ved Aker. Beta-laktamaseømfintlige penicilliner var de mest
brukte preparatene ved RiTø, mens penicilliner med utvidet spekter var de mest brukte preparatene ved
Aker. Forbruket av penicilliner med utvidet spekter utgjorde nesten tre ganger større andel av totalforbruket
ved Aker enn ved RiTø. Ved RiTø utgjorde forbruket av cefuroksim og tredje generasjons
cefalosporiner 13,0% av det totale antibiotikaforbruket i 1999. Ved Aker var tilsvarende 4,1%. RiTø
reduserte forbruket av tetracykliner over perioden, men brukte likevel betydelig mer enn Aker. Begge
sykehusene reduserte forbruket av aminoglykosider. Det var lavt, men økende forbruk av klindamycin
ved begge sykehusene. Forbruket var høyest ved RiTø. Den store skilnaden i forbruksprofil mellom
sykehusene kan ikke forklares med ulike anbefalinger i veilederne for antibiotikabruk, eller med
forskjell i resistensforhold blant de vanligste patogene bakteriene.
Småbrekke L.
Large differences in the use of antibiotics between two university hospitals in
Norway.
Nor J Epidemiol 2001; 11 (1): 61-65.
ENGLISH SUMMARY
The aim of the study was to describe the use of antibiotics at the University Hospital of Tromsø (RiTø)
and Aker University Hospital, Oslo (Aker) during 1993-99. The use of antibiotics is presented as Defined
Daily Dose (DDD)/1000 bed days/year. The total use of antibiotics varied between 473 and 544
DDD/1000 bed days/year for the two hospitals over the period. The greatest difference in the profile
between the hospitals was in the use of beta-lactam antibiotics. At RiTø, this group represented 64.5%
and at Aker 74.6% of the total use of antibiotics. At RiTø, the use of narrow spectrum penicillines
declined from 128 to 93 DDD/1000 bed days/year, but was still the most used group of antibiotics. In
1999 this represented 19% of the total use. At Aker, the use of aminopenicilllins varied between 164 and
195 DDD/1000 bed days/year, and in 1999 this group represented 32% of the total use. At RiTø, the use
of aminopenicillins varied between 49 and 67 DDD/ 1000 bed days/year, and in 1999 this represented
13% of the total use. At RiTø the use of cefuroxim and third generation cephalosporines increased, and
represented 13.0% of the total use in 1999. At Aker, the use of cefuroxim increased towards the end of
the period, while the use of third generation cephalosporins declined. At Aker, cefu roxim and third
generation cephalosporins represented 4.1% of the total use in 1999. The use of carbapenemes was low
at both hospitals, but the level of use at RiTø was twice the level at Aker. At RiTø, the use of tetracyclines
was reduced from 44 to 24 DDD/1000 bed days/year over the period, but was still higher than
at Aker. Both hospitals reduced the consumption of aminoglycosides. The use of clindamycin was low,
but there was a substantial relative change during the period. The difference in the use of antibiotics
cannot be explained by different guidelines or different spectrum of antibiotic resistance.
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