Vitamin D deficiency, secondary hyperparathyroidism and bone mineral density in Pakistani and Norwegians living in Oslo, Norway / Vitamin D-mangel, sekundær hyperparathyroidisme og bentetthet hos pakistanere og nordmenn bosatt i Oslo
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5324/nje.v16i2.193Abstract
We studied the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency and bone mineral density in Norwegian born and Pakistani born men and women living in Oslo. We measured 25-hydroxyvitamin D, iPTH and ionized calcium in serum and bone mineral density (BMD) at the forearm with single energy X-ray absorptiometry. 1386 persons born in Norway and 177 persons born in Pakistan participated. Among the Pakistani born 9% of the men and 21% of women were seriously vitamin D deficient (25(OH)D < 12.5 nmol/l). None of the Norwegian born had such low levels of vitamin D. While 86% of the Norwegians were vitamin D sufficient (25(OH)D ! 50 nmol/l), only 8% of Pakistani men and 10% of Pakistani women had a sufficient vitamin D status. The prevalence of secondary hyperparathyroidism was four times higher in Pakistani women and five times higher in Pakistani men compared to their Norwegian counterparts. Unadjusted bone mineral density was not different between the two ethnic groups, but in the multivariate analysis BMD was 0.020 g/cm2 (95% CI: 0.007–0.033) higher in Pakistani men than in Norwegian men. We also found 5-8% higher bone mineral density in Pakistani men and women when we controlled for different skeletal size. While BMD was lower in Norwegian women with, compared to Norwegian women without, secondary hyperparathyroidsm (–0.027 g/cm2, p = 0.019), there was no difference in BMD between Pakistani women with and without secondary hyperparathyroidsm
Vi har sett på prevalens av vitamin D-mangel og bentetthet hos norskfødte og pakistanskfødte menn og kvinner i den populasjonsbaserte Helseundersøkelsen i Oslo 2000-2001. Det ble målt 25-hydroksyvitamin D, iPTH og ionisert kalsium i serum, og benmineraltetthet (BMD) ble målt i underarmen. Totalt deltok 1386 personer født i Norge og 177 personer født i Pakistan i aldersgruppen 30-75 år. Blant pakistanske menn og kvinner hadde henholdsvis 8% og 10% tilfredsstillende vitamin D-status (25(OH)D ! 50 nmol/l), mens 9% og 21% hadde alvorlig vitamin D-mangel (25(OH)D < 12,5 nmol/l). Blant personer født i Norge hadde 86% tilfredsstillende vitamin D-status og ingen hadde alvorlig vitamin D-mangel. Prevalensen av sekundær hyperparatyreoidisme var 4 ganger høyere hos pakistanske kvinner og 5 ganger høyere hos pakistanske menn enn hos norske kvinner og menn. Ujustert benmineraltetthet var ikke forskjellig hos pakistanere og nordmenn, men justert for andre risikofaktorer fant vi 0,020 g/cm2 (95% CI: 0,007–0,033) høyere BMD hos pakistanske menn enn hos norske menn. Tilsvarende fant vi opptil 5-8% høyere bentetthet hos pakistanere enn nordmenn når vi korrigerte for ulik skjelettstørrelse i de to gruppene. Videre fant vi en positiv sammenheng mellom 25(OH)D og BMD hos norske kvinner (r = 0,11, p = 0,019) og norske menn (r = 0,16, p = 0,002). En svakere sammenheng ble funnet hos pakistanske menn, mens vi ikke fant noen assosiasjon hos pakistanske kvinner. Tilsvarende hadde de norske kvinnene med sekundær hyperparatyreoidisme lavere BMD enn norske kvinner uten sekundær hyperparatyreoidisme (–0,027 g/cm2, p = 0,019). Samme tendens ble også observert for både pakistanske og norske menn, men ikke for pakistanske kvinner.
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