Exploring the Ethical Challenges of AI and Recommender Systems in the Democratic Public Sphere

Abstract

The rapid integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Recommender Systems (RSs) into digital platforms has brought both opportunities and ethical concerns. These systems, designed to personalize content and optimize user engagement, have the potential to enhance how individuals navigate information online. However, this paper shifts the focus to the ethical complexities inherent in such systems, particularly the practice of nudging, where subtle algorithmic suggestions influence user behavior without explicit awareness. Issues like misinformation, algorithmic bias, privacy protection, and diminished content diversity raise important questions about the role of AI in shaping public discourse and decision-making processes. Rather than viewing these systems solely as tools for convenience, the paper challenges the reader to consider the deeper implications of AI-driven recommendations on democratic engagement. By examining how these technologies can quietly influence decisions and reduce exposure to different perspectives, it calls for reevaluating the ethical priorities in AI and RSs design. We present the problems identified along with their potential solutions, calling for creating a digital space that promotes independence, fairness, and openness, making sure AI is used responsibly to support democratic values and protect user rights.