https://www.ntnu.no/ojs/index.php/DKNVS_skrifter/issue/feed 2012-03-27T13:21:16+00:00 Ellen Alm ellen.alm@dknvs.no Open Journal Systems <p class="tittel"><span style="color: #9b283a;"><span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: small;"><span style="font-size: 13px;"><strong><span style="color: #786f44;"><span style="font-family: Verdana; font-size: small;"><span style="font-size: 13px;">DKNVS Skrifter 250 år i 2011</span></span></span></strong></span></span></span></p> <p class="innhold"><span class="innhold">Det Kongelige Norske Videnskabers Selskabs Skrifter er en av verdens eldste løpende vitenskapelige skriftserie. Det første nummeret av Skrifter ble utgitt i 1761, året etter stiftelsen av Det Tronhiemske Selskab, som var benevnelsen fram til 1767.</span></p><p class="innhold"><span class="innhold">I forbindelse med Skrifters 250-årsjubileum i 2011, har Spesialsamlingene på Gunnerusbiblioteket ved NTNU Universitetsbiblioteket, med bidrag fra DKNVS, digitalisert og publisert samtlige Skrifter fra 1761 til og med 1920, samt 2010-2011. Fram til 1906 er det brukt bokscanner, deretter er det brukt arkmaterscanner.</span></p><p class="innhold">Dette gjør det nå mulig for alle interesserte til å se på en mengde godbiter som gir et unikt innblikk i Norges vitenskapshistorie.</p> https://www.ntnu.no/ojs/index.php/DKNVS_skrifter/article/view/1474 2012-03-27T13:17:38+00:00 Det Kongelige Norske Videnskabers Selskab kristian.overskaug@dknvs.no

<p><span>Aspects of Johan Ernst Gunnerus' life and work</span></p><p>Editor: Rolv Nøtvik Jakobsen</p><p>Authors: Torkild Bakken, Brita Brenna, John Peter Collett, Eli Fremstad, Jan Ragnar Hagland, Rolv Nøtvik Jakobsen, Steinar Supphellen, Kaare Aagaard</p><p><span><br /></span></p>

2012-03-27T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) https://www.ntnu.no/ojs/index.php/DKNVS_skrifter/article/view/1475 2012-03-27T13:21:16+00:00 Brita Brenna b.s.brenna@ikos.uio.no Steinar Supphellen steinar.supphellen@ntnu.no

In this article we argue that two recent trends in Enlightenment studies are useful for understanding the establishment of the Royal Norwegian Society of Sciences in 1760. First, recent research has presented an understanding of the Enlightenment as an event in the history of mediation. Inspired by this we claim that Enlightenment practices and tools were transposed to Trondheim by the work of Johan Ernst Gunnerus and the others that took part in establishing the Society. Second, we are inspired by works that stress the importance of geography to Enlightenment thought and claim that geographies were produced by, as much as in, Enlightenment practices. By this we argue that Trondheim was neither an obvious place for setting up a Society of Science in the eighteenth century nor a peripheral town. Through means of mediation it could set itself up as central, but it could also be rendered more peripheral by these practices, and this is what happened after the founding fathers of the Society left town or passed away. However, we argue that it is useful to look at the particularities of what happened in Trondheim as part of the practicesof the Enlightenment.

2012-03-27T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) https://www.ntnu.no/ojs/index.php/DKNVS_skrifter/article/view/1476 2012-03-27T13:17:38+00:00 John Peter Collett j.p.collett@iakh.uio.no

In 1771 J.E. Gunnerus outlined a reform of the University of Copenhagen. The reform plan was commissioned by J.F. Struensee who at the time was the ruler of Denmark and Norway and was part of a wide reform movement aiming at a thorough modernization of the Danish states. The article summarizes parts of the university reform project and discusses them in the context of Enlightenment philosophical thinking on the nature of scientific knowledge. One byproduct of the university reform proposal was a projected university in Norway. The reform proposals came to a standstill when Struensee was overthrown in 1772.

2012-03-27T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) https://www.ntnu.no/ojs/index.php/DKNVS_skrifter/article/view/1477 2012-03-27T13:17:38+00:00 Jan Ragnar Hagland jan.ragnar.hagland@hf.ntnu.no

As is well known bishop J. E. Gunnerus contributed substantially to the study of natural science. Less known is his contribution to the study of contemporary Norwegian language. Even if restricted in scope his contribution to the study of Norwegian dialect words deserves attention. A collection of dialect words preserved in the University Library of Trondheim, the Gunnerus Library, was not published till 1980 – a piece of work inspired, as pointed to in the present contribution, both by physico-theological ideas and work in the same field by Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz.

2012-03-27T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) https://www.ntnu.no/ojs/index.php/DKNVS_skrifter/article/view/1478 2012-03-27T13:17:38+00:00 Rolv Nøtvik Jakobsen rolv.n.jakobsen@ub.ntnu.no

The article demonstrates the connections between Gunnerus’ scientific writings from his time in Germany and his years as a bishop and a pioneer in natural history research in Norway. Several topics were vital to Gunnerus throughout this period, primarily the theological and apologetic value of natural science research, the relationship between the body and the soul, the freedom of individuals, the two outcomes after death and his interest in scientific societies and collecting. Some comparison with scientific trends in other countries shows that the problems that concerned Gunnerus were among the most popular in that period. A closer examination of his scientific contacts would permit a clearer definition of his profile.There is no reason to regard Pietism and the Enlightenment as being mutually exclusive. Based on this, and supported by Gunnerus’ own texts, it is possible to see how his edifying texts and the theologicaland other scientific articles are closely connected and shed light on each other.

2012-03-27T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c) https://www.ntnu.no/ojs/index.php/DKNVS_skrifter/article/view/1479 2012-03-27T13:17:38+00:00 Torkild Bakken torkild.bakken@vm.ntnu.no Eli Fremstad eli.fremstad@vm.ntnu.no Kaare Aagaard kaare.aagaard@vm.ntno.no

Bishop Gunnerus started his work as naturalist as soon as he arrived in Trondheim. In a pastoral letter to his clergymen he instructed them to collect specimens and information on natural history in their parishes. Gunnerus was a pioneer in natural history among his contemporaries. His description of species (especially of animals), either they were new to science or not, held a high scientific standard and contained detailed information on anatomy and morphological characteristics. In addition, his publications were furnished with high quality illustrations. The publications have shown to be important as reference works and primary sources. Our publication enumerates, for the first time, that the original material from Gunnerus’ collection contains botanical and zoological type specimens. In addition the collection contains specimens that are potential types, or at least aretopotypic specimens.

2012-03-27T00:00:00+00:00 Copyright (c)